Withdrawal, Correction, and Retraction Policy

At Scholarnex journals, we are committed to preserving the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. Occasionally, after an article has been published, it may become necessary to make a post-publication update, correction, or retraction. All such actions are handled with great care and follow the ethical guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Any updates made to a published article will be accompanied by a clearly visible post-publication notice, permanently linked to the original version. These notices serve to inform readers and researchers of the nature and rationale behind the change and may include a correction, retraction, or, in exceptional cases, removal of the article.

Corrections

A correction notice will be issued when minor but important errors are discovered in a published article that affect its interpretation or clarity but do not invalidate the core findings.

In such cases, Scholarnex journals will:

• Publish a corrected version of the article online.
• Issue a formal correction notice electronically linked to the original publication.
• Ensure that the correction is transparent and traceable for all readers.

Retractions

A retraction is issued when a published article is found to contain major flaws or ethical violations that undermine its validity or academic integrity. Reasons for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

• Plagiarism or data fabrication
• Manipulated images or figures
• Duplicate or redundant publication
• Unethical research practices
• Lack of necessary ethical approvals

Retractions are made following an internal review by Scholarnex journal’s editorial team in collaboration with the journal’s editor(s), and in accordance with COPE guidelines. Authors and affiliated institutions may also request a retraction if justified.

When a retraction is warranted, Scholarnex will:

• Add a visible "Retracted" watermark to the online version of the article.
• Publish a separate retraction notice, titled "Retraction: [Article Title]", which is permanently linked to the original publication.

Removals

In extremely rare cases, an article may be permanently removed from the journal website if its continued availability poses significant legal, ethical, or safety concerns. Grounds for removal may include:

• Proven cases of copyright infringement or intellectual property violations
• Legal actions or court orders
• Breaches of confidentiality or unauthorized use of personal data
• Serious ethical non-compliance involving human or animal research

When an article is removed, a removal notice will be published in its place, stating the reasons for removal and maintaining transparency.

Withdrawal by Authors

Authors may request to withdraw a manuscript before final publication. However, once a manuscript has been accepted and scheduled for publication, withdrawal is discouraged unless justified by substantial ethical or academic concerns. Requests for withdrawal must be made in writing and approved by the editorial board.

No Refund Policy for Retraction or Removal

Authors are advised that Article Processing Charges (APCs) are non-refundable in cases where articles are withdrawn, retracted, or removed due to research misconduct, ethical violations, or any breach of publication standards.

Scholarnex is dedicated to fostering academic trust and transparency. We handle all post-publication issues in accordance with best practices in scholarly publishing, with the aim of maintaining a high-quality and credible research environment for our global community.